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Enalapril

Systems	Cardiovascular System
Category	Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor

Pharmacokinetics

Enalapril is rapidly absorbed after oral administration with bioavailability of 60%. It is highly protein bound. It is excreted via Kidneys.

Indications

Enalapril inhibits Angiotensin Converting Enzyme.ACE inhibitors are predominantly used as antihypertensives.ACE inhibitors reduce the levels of Angiotensin II and increase the level of Bradykinin. Enalapril is used in patients after a Myocardial Infarction. It is also used to treat renal impairment in some diabetic patients as it reduces the proteinuria in diabetes. In addition, it is used to treat congestive heart failure.

Routes of Administration and Dosage

For oral dosage form (tablets): For congestive heart failure: Adults: 2.5 mg once a day or two times a day initially, and can be increased to 5 to 20 mg a day taken as a single dose or divided into two doses. For hypertension: Adults : 5 mg once a day at first. Then, can be increased to 10 to 40 mg a day taken as a single dose or divided into two doses. For treating weakened heart muscle: Adults: 2.5 mg two times a day at first. Then can be increased to 20 mg a day taken in divided doses. For injection dosage form: For hypertension: Adults :1.25 mg every six hours injected IV.

Contra Indications

Contraindicated in hypersensitivity, Pregnancy, renal impairment, hyperkalaemia and hypovolemia.

Precautions

Allergies: Allergic reaction to Enalapril may occur. Pregnancy: Enalapril may causes the foetus to be smaller than normal. Studies in rabbits have shown that enalapril causes an increase in foetal death.

Interactions

Risk of bone marrow depression when used with immunosupressive agents. It causes hyperkalaemia with potassium sparing diuretics,.NSAID's may reduce the hypotensive action .

Brand Names

Acepril (Saga labs), BQL(Cadila healthcare), Converten (Khandelwal), ENA (Menarini Raunaq), Enace (Nicholas Piramal), Enalap (Mapra), Enam (Dr Reddy'S), Enamate (Glenmark), Enapril (Intas), Encardil (Medley), Enpril (Wockhardt), Envas (Cadila Pharma), EPM ( Grandix), Hytrol (Sunpharma), Invoril (Stan Care), Minipril (Alembic), Myoace (Merck), Newace(Max), Normace (Unisearch), Nuril (USV), Oren (Natco), Tenfri (Pace, SOL), Vasonorm (Kopran), Vasopril (Protec), Vivril (Sarabhai).